Bone metastases and skeletal related events in patients with gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors.

Authors

null

Paula Bruges

St. Agnes Health Care, Baltimore, MD

Paula Bruges , Ian Schonman , Marianna Zahurak , Daniel A. Laheru , Jin He , Fabian McCartney Johnston , Jonathan Greer , Lilja Solnes , Ana De Jesus-Acosta

Organizations

St. Agnes Health Care, Baltimore, MD, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, Department of Radiology at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD

Research Funding

No funding sources reported

Background: The clinical implications and management of bone metastases in patients (pts) with gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (GI-NETs) is poorly characterized. In this study we investigated the frequency of bone metastases and skeletal-related events (SRE) in pts with GI-NETs. Methods: Retrospective review of ptswith GI-NETs seen at our institution between 2010-2022. We collected clinicopathologic data including tumor primary site, tumor differentiation, grade using Ki-67 labeling index (G1, G2, or G3), time of diagnosis of metastatic GI-NET, and development of bone metastases (synchronous or metachronous). Diagnosis of metastatic bone disease was assessed by contrast imaging (CT, MRI) and/or functional imaging studies (FDG or DOTATATE PET). SRE were defined as bone pain, spinal cord compression, pathological fracture or tumor-related hypercalcemia. Bone directed therapy was defined as use of bisphosphonates, radiation therapy, and surgical intervention. Results: We identified a total of 865 pts with metastatic GI-NETs. Of these, 122 pts (14%) had evidence of bone metastases. In pts with bone metastases, median age was 60 y/o and 72 pts (59%) were male. Primary tumor sites included pancreas (n=52, 47%), small bowel (n=50, 45%), rectum (n=4, 4%), colon (n=3, 3%), and gallbladder (n=1, 1%). Tumors were G1 (n=31, 28%), G2 (n=51, 47%), G3 (n=27, 25%). The majority of pts had well-differentiated tumors (n=103, 84%). Imaging for initial diagnosis of bone metastasis included PET (n=65, 53%), MRI (n=29, 24%), and CT (n=28, 23%). Synchronous metastases occurred in 34 pts (28%). Metachronous bone metastasis occurred in 88 pts (72%) with a median time to developing bone metastasis of 38 months. SRE occurred in 46 pts (38%), with 36 pts (30%) experiencing bone pain, 5 pts (4%) experiencing pathological fracture, 5 pts (4%) experiencing spinal cord compression, and 2 pts (2%) experiencing hypercalcemia. Thirty-six pts (30%) received bone-directed therapy, including bisphosphonates (n=25, 20%), radiation (n=19, 16%), or surgical intervention (n=4, 3%). Median overall survival (OS) was 83.3 months. Factors associated with increased probability of SRE included younger age, non-white race, low tumor grade, synchronous presentation, and poorly differentiated tumor. Risk factors for decreased OS included male gender, intermediate or high-grade disease, and spinal cord involvement. Bisphosphonate therapy was the most frequently used bone-directed treatment (n=25, 20%). Conclusions: Bone metastases occurred in 14% of pts with GI-NETs and SRE occurred in 38% of these pts. SRE were more likely to occur in pts with synchronous metastatic bone disease, intermediate/high grade tumors or poorly differentiated tumors. Further studies evaluating interventions to decrease SRE and impact in quality of life in pts with GI-NETs are warranted.

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Abstract Details

Meeting

2024 ASCO Annual Meeting

Session Type

Poster Session

Session Title

Gastrointestinal Cancer—Gastroesophageal, Pancreatic, and Hepatobiliary

Track

Gastrointestinal Cancer—Gastroesophageal, Pancreatic, and Hepatobiliary

Sub Track

Neuroendocrine/Carcinoid

Citation

J Clin Oncol 42, 2024 (suppl 16; abstr 4126)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2024.42.16_suppl.4126

Abstract #

4126

Poster Bd #

106

Abstract Disclosures

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