Evaluation of microsatellite instability status, a definitive predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), in underrepresented minorities (URM) with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers.

Authors

null

Fiyinfolu Balogun

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY

Fiyinfolu Balogun , Mirella Altoe , Catherine O'Connor , Nobel Chowdhury , Andrea Cercek , Choong-kun Lee , Michael Bonner Foote , Daehee Kim , Steven Brad Maron , Dae Won Kim , Karyn Ronski , Joon Oh Park , Calvin Y. Chao , Yelena Y. Janjigian , Ghassan K. Abou-Alfa , Luis A. Diaz Jr., Eileen Mary O'Reilly , Francisco Sanchez-Vega , Debyani Chakravarty , Wungki Park

Organizations

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, Yonsei Cancer Center, Seodaemun-Gu, South Korea, Brown University, Providence, RI, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, TEMPUS Lab, Chicago, IL, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea, Tempus Labs, Inc., Chicago, IL

Research Funding

No funding received
None.

Background: Mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) results in MSI-H state and is the first tumor type-agnostic biomarker predictive of ICI response. Among GI cancers, MSI-H is most frequent in colorectal cancer (CRC 15%), gastroesophageal (GEC, 5%) and other (small bowel, hepatopancreatobiliary; 1%). For CRC, MSI-H can be attributed to germline mutation (Lynch syndrome, 3%) or somatic inactivation (sporadic, 12%) of foundational MMR genes. Studies evaluating ICI efficacy in dMMR cancers focus primarily on non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients (pts). We present prevalence, tumor genomic features, and outcomes in pts from a large cohort at Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK). Methods: Retrospective analysis of MSI-H GI cancers from MSK-IMPACT database. Pts were grouped by self-reported race and ethnicity into 4 study arms: NHW, Asian, non-Hispanic Black (NHB), and Hispanic. Age, tumor type, tumor mutation burden (TMB), and MMR genes were analyzed. Overall survival (OS) estimated with Kaplan-Meier. Results: Of 776 pts with MSI-H GI cancers: 623 (80.3 %) NHW, 60 (7.7 %) Hispanic, 50 Asian (6.5 %), and 43 (5.5 %) NHB. CRC (76%), GEC (14%), other cancers (10%). We present initial evaluation of CRC and GEC: Median age, TMB, and most frequently altered MMR genes (MMR gene FA) are in table. Median OS (mOS) in NHW/URM by receipt of ICI in MSI-H CRC were 38.5m/25.3m (p 0.07) in no-ICI group, 34.2m/28.7m (p 0.64) in +ICI group; MSI-H GEC 43.4m/30m (p 0.44) in no-ICI group, 28.8m/26.7m in +ICI group. Conclusions: Number of URM MSI-H CRC/GEC pts is 7 to 15-fold less than NHW, with no such difference in % MSI-H/MSS between groups; reflecting significant undertesting in URM pts. In MSI-H CRC, median age (m-Age) at sequencing was younger in URM compared to NHW; pronounced in Asian and Hispanic patients, who were 10+ years younger than NHW. No such age difference seen in GEC. No difference in mOS detected between NHW and URM, however a non-significant trend towards worse mOS in URM was observed in the no-ICI group. Next steps include validation of clinico-genomics of MSI-H GI cancers in other large cohorts, including TEMPUS (N = 768) which is ongoing.

NHW | CRCNHB | CRCAsian | CRCHispanic | CRC
MSI-H/MSS % (MSI-H, N)13% (3679)10% (349)8% (430)14% (331)
m-Age |range (p vs NHW)67 | 19-60 (1)61 | 28-78 (0.025)57 | 26-89 (0.023)55 | 25-87 (0.048)
m-TMB | range (p vs NHW)58 | 3-369 (1)54 | 21-201 (0.43)50 | 26-219 (0.06)61 | 32-400 (0.95)
MMR gene FA (% | N)MSH6 (27% | 492)MLH1 (26% | 34)MSH2 (26% | 34)MSH6 (36% | 45)
NHW | GECNHB | GECAsian | GECHispanic | GEC
MSI-H/MSS % (MSI-H, N)5% (1314)7% (83)5% (184)7% (124)
m-Age |range (p vs NHW)71 | 45-90 (1)70 | 55-81 (0.3)68 | 49-85 (0.55)68 | 35-88 (0.53)
m-TMB | range (p vs NHW)50 | 2-172 (1)75 | 30-87 (0.34)49 | 18-72 (0.59)44 | 31-62 (0.3)
MMR gene FA (% | N)MSH6/MLH1 (13% | 76)MLH1 (33% | 6)MSH6 (30% | 10)MSH2/MSH6 (11% | 9)

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Abstract Details

Meeting

2023 ASCO Annual Meeting

Session Type

Poster Session

Session Title

Gastrointestinal Cancer—Colorectal and Anal

Track

Gastrointestinal Cancer—Colorectal and Anal

Sub Track

Epidemiology/Outcomes

Citation

J Clin Oncol 41, 2023 (suppl 16; abstr 3538)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2023.41.16_suppl.3538

Abstract #

3538

Poster Bd #

238

Abstract Disclosures