Survival outcomes of sarcomatoid versus classic urothelial carcinoma of bladder.

Authors

Rohan Garje

Rohan Garje

Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL

Rohan Garje , Ahmad Ozair , Meenakkshy Manoharan , Pushan Prabhakar , Muni B. Rubens , Mukesh Roy , Anshul Saxena , Atulya Aman Khosla , Bruno R. Bastos , Manmeet Singh Ahluwalia

Organizations

Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, Florida International University, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL

Research Funding

No funding received
None.

Background: Sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma (SUC), a rare bladder cancer variant, has both epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation along with frequent TERT C228T promoter mutations and has poorer prognosis. In this study, we compared survival outcomes of SUC with classic urothelial carcinoma (CUC) in patients with T2-T4, N0-N1 bladder cancer after definitive therapy. Methods: All cases meeting our inclusion criteria for SUC and CUC during 2004-2019 were identified from National Cancer Database. Sociodemographic and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed via descriptive and comparative statistics. Propensity-score matching was performed to adjust for baseline differences between SUC and CUC. Overall survival (OS) was compared using Cox proportional-hazards modelling and visualized through Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: 30072 cases of CUC and 480 of SUC were identified. Propensity-score matching resulted in N = 478 patients in both groups. Matched cohorts had no baseline differences in age, sex, race, comorbidities, insurance status, income, distance to hospital, hospital location, rural versus urban residence, histological grade, and proportion getting regional lymph node surgery. Overall, there were 675 males and 281 females, 435 underwent surgery (Sx), and 521 surgery plus chemotherapy (Sx+Cx). For SUC, median survival with Sx vs Sx+Cx was 29.5 months (95%CI 20.0-50.6) vs 43.1 months (95%CI 25.3-64.4) respectively. For CUC, median survival was 56.1 (95%CI 53.7-58.6) vs 78.0 (95%CI 75.1-81.1) months with Sx vs Sx+Cx respectively. Conclusions: SUC has poorer prognosis than CUC. Perioperative chemotherapy along with surgery was associated with improved survival outcomes compared to surgery alone in patients with SUC. Further studies investigating novel immunotherapy agents are warranted to improve oncologic outcomes.

Cox Proportional Hazard Ratios (HR) for different variables. Ref, Reference.

VariablesHR (95% CI)P value
Histology
Classic Urothelial carcinomaReference
Sarcomatoid1.39 (1.14-1.69)0.001
Age category
< 65 yearsRef
≥65 years1.33 (1.02-1.74)0.036
Sex
MaleRef
Female1.11 (0.89-1.38)0.361
Race
BlackRef
Hispanic0.93 (0.48-1.79)0.825
Other0.80 (0.36-1.77)0.586
White0.79 (0.51-1.22)0.287
Insurance
NoneRef
Private1.40 (0.64-3.07)0.402
Public1.60 (0.72-3.53)0.248
Income
< $48,000Ref
≥$48,0000.93 (0.74-1.15)0.489
Area
MetroReference
Urban/Rural1.14 (0.86-1.50)0.359
Distance to hospital
< 50 milesRef
≥50 miles0.75 (0.56-1.00)0.049
Facility type
Non-AcademicRef
Academic1.07 (0.87-1.32)0.517
Location
Central USRef
Mountain & Pacific1.08 (0.79-1.46)0.631
New England & Atlantic1.07 (0.86-1.31)0.549
Charlson–Deyo Comorbidity
0Ref
11.11 (0.88-1.40)0.395
21.42 (1.00-2.00)0.047
3 or more1.69 (0.98-2.91)0.060
Treatment type
Surgery onlyRef
Chemo & Surgery0.86 (0.71-1.04)0.130
Regional Lymph Node Surgery0.96 (0.71-1.31)0.814

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Abstract Details

Meeting

2023 ASCO Annual Meeting

Session Type

Poster Session

Session Title

Genitourinary Cancer—Kidney and Bladder

Track

Genitourinary Cancer—Kidney and Bladder

Sub Track

Urothelial Cancer - Local-Regional Disease

Citation

J Clin Oncol 41, 2023 (suppl 16; abstr 4588)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2023.41.16_suppl.4588

Abstract #

4588

Poster Bd #

80

Abstract Disclosures