Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL
Rohan Garje , Ahmad Ozair , Meenakkshy Manoharan , Pushan Prabhakar , Muni B. Rubens , Mukesh Roy , Anshul Saxena , Atulya Aman Khosla , Bruno R. Bastos , Manmeet Singh Ahluwalia
Background: Sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma (SUC), a rare bladder cancer variant, has both epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation along with frequent TERT C228T promoter mutations and has poorer prognosis. In this study, we compared survival outcomes of SUC with classic urothelial carcinoma (CUC) in patients with T2-T4, N0-N1 bladder cancer after definitive therapy. Methods: All cases meeting our inclusion criteria for SUC and CUC during 2004-2019 were identified from National Cancer Database. Sociodemographic and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed via descriptive and comparative statistics. Propensity-score matching was performed to adjust for baseline differences between SUC and CUC. Overall survival (OS) was compared using Cox proportional-hazards modelling and visualized through Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: 30072 cases of CUC and 480 of SUC were identified. Propensity-score matching resulted in N = 478 patients in both groups. Matched cohorts had no baseline differences in age, sex, race, comorbidities, insurance status, income, distance to hospital, hospital location, rural versus urban residence, histological grade, and proportion getting regional lymph node surgery. Overall, there were 675 males and 281 females, 435 underwent surgery (Sx), and 521 surgery plus chemotherapy (Sx+Cx). For SUC, median survival with Sx vs Sx+Cx was 29.5 months (95%CI 20.0-50.6) vs 43.1 months (95%CI 25.3-64.4) respectively. For CUC, median survival was 56.1 (95%CI 53.7-58.6) vs 78.0 (95%CI 75.1-81.1) months with Sx vs Sx+Cx respectively. Conclusions: SUC has poorer prognosis than CUC. Perioperative chemotherapy along with surgery was associated with improved survival outcomes compared to surgery alone in patients with SUC. Further studies investigating novel immunotherapy agents are warranted to improve oncologic outcomes.
Variables | HR (95% CI) | P value |
---|---|---|
Histology | ||
Classic Urothelial carcinoma | Reference | |
Sarcomatoid | 1.39 (1.14-1.69) | 0.001 |
Age category | ||
< 65 years | Ref | |
≥65 years | 1.33 (1.02-1.74) | 0.036 |
Sex | ||
Male | Ref | |
Female | 1.11 (0.89-1.38) | 0.361 |
Race | ||
Black | Ref | |
Hispanic | 0.93 (0.48-1.79) | 0.825 |
Other | 0.80 (0.36-1.77) | 0.586 |
White | 0.79 (0.51-1.22) | 0.287 |
Insurance | ||
None | Ref | |
Private | 1.40 (0.64-3.07) | 0.402 |
Public | 1.60 (0.72-3.53) | 0.248 |
Income | ||
< $48,000 | Ref | |
≥$48,000 | 0.93 (0.74-1.15) | 0.489 |
Area | ||
Metro | Reference | |
Urban/Rural | 1.14 (0.86-1.50) | 0.359 |
Distance to hospital | ||
< 50 miles | Ref | |
≥50 miles | 0.75 (0.56-1.00) | 0.049 |
Facility type | ||
Non-Academic | Ref | |
Academic | 1.07 (0.87-1.32) | 0.517 |
Location | ||
Central US | Ref | |
Mountain & Pacific | 1.08 (0.79-1.46) | 0.631 |
New England & Atlantic | 1.07 (0.86-1.31) | 0.549 |
Charlson–Deyo Comorbidity | ||
0 | Ref | |
1 | 1.11 (0.88-1.40) | 0.395 |
2 | 1.42 (1.00-2.00) | 0.047 |
3 or more | 1.69 (0.98-2.91) | 0.060 |
Treatment type | ||
Surgery only | Ref | |
Chemo & Surgery | 0.86 (0.71-1.04) | 0.130 |
Regional Lymph Node Surgery | 0.96 (0.71-1.31) | 0.814 |
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