Correlation between different levels of HER2 expression in circulating tumor cells (cHER2 ratio) and metastatic behavior in stageIVaggressive breast cancer.

Authors

Paolo D'Amico

Paolo D'Amico

Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL

Paolo D'Amico , Carolina Reduzzi , Sara Gandini , Lorenzo Gerratana , Wenan Qiang , Qiang Zhang , Frederique St-Pierre , Youbin Zhang , Ami N. Shah , Andrew A. Davis , Saya Jacob , Elena Vagia , Firas Hazem Wehbe , Amir Behdad , Giuseppe Curigliano , Massimo Cristofanilli

Organizations

Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, IRCCS, Milan, Italy, Department of Medicine-Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University; Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Chicago, IL, Northwestern Univeristy, Chicago, IL, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Lurie Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, Northwestern University, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Chicago, IL, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, and University of Milano, Milan, Italy, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL

Research Funding

No funding received
None

Background: The presence of HER2 expressing (HER2+) circulating tumor cells (CTCs) occurs often in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients (pts). We have previously showed that the ratio among CTCs expressing high level of HER2 and the total number of HER2+ CTCs (circulating HER2 ratio, cHer2 ratio) has a prognostic role in MBC patients. Here we further investigate the role of the cHER2 ratio in the process of metastatic spread. Methods: Under IRB-approved study we prospectively analyzed blood samples of patients with MBC enrolled before starting a new line of therapy. Samples were collected from pts treated at Northwestern University (Chicago, IL) between 2016 and 2020. CTCs were enumerated through CellSearch (Menarini Silicon Biosystems, Bologna, Italy) and characterized for HER2 expression using the CellSearch CXC Kit. HER2+ CTCs were divided in 3 different categories (1+,2+,3+) leaning on fluorescence intensity. Pts with <5 CTCs (stage IV indolent) were excluded from the analysis. The cHER2 ratio, defined as the sum of 2+ CTCs and 3+ CTCs divided by the total number of HER2+ CTCs, was used to split the remaining pts in 2 different cohorts: cHER2 ratio high (> 0.75) (cHER2high) and cHER2 ratio low (≤0.75) (cHER2low). The frequency of each metastatic site (i.e. liver, lung, central nervous system, bone, lymph nodes, skin/soft tissue, serosa) and the total number of different sites involved (1-7, ≤2 and >2 sites) were compared among the two sub-populations and analyzed through Fisher exact test. Results: Out of 98 pts enrolled, 77 were classified as cHER2low and 21 as cHER2high. We observed a higher frequency of oligometastatic pts (≤2 sites involved) in the cHER2high cohort (16, 76%), compared to only 29 (37%) in the cHER2low (p<0.005). Moreover, the cHER2 ratio was associated with a tropism toward specific sites of disease spread with higher incidence of liver, lung and lymph nodes metastases in the cHER2low cohort (p<0.05). No other statistical associations were observed in respect of specific organ tropism. The frequency of involvement for each metastatic site among the two cohorts are reported in the table. Conclusions: Measuring CTCs enumeration and HER2 expression we identified two cohorts, cHER2high and cHER2low, associated with distinct patterns of metastatic spread. The cHER2low pts were correlated to multiple sites of metastatic involvement, with particular tropism toward liver, lung and lymph nodes. These results confirm the prognostic role of the cHER2 ratio, suggesting a peculiar biological meaning of the HER2+ 1+ CTCs.

Liver
Lung
CNS
Other
Bone
Lymph Nodes
Skin/soft tissue
Serosa
cHER2low
77
33 (43%)
34 (44%)
13 (17%)
4 (5%)
64 (83%)
40 (52%)
20 (26%)
11 (14%)
cHER2high
21
3 (14%)
4 (19%)
1 (5%)
1 (5%)
15 (71%)
4 (19%)
2 (10%)
2 (10%)
p value

0.0207
0.0444
0.2898
1
0.2301
0.0120
0.1447
0.7285
Total
98
36
38
14
5
79
44
22
13

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Abstract Details

Meeting

2021 ASCO Annual Meeting

Session Type

Poster Session

Session Title

Developmental Therapeutics—Molecularly Targeted Agents and Tumor Biology

Track

Developmental Therapeutics—Molecularly Targeted Agents and Tumor Biology

Sub Track

Circulating Biomarkers

Citation

J Clin Oncol 39, 2021 (suppl 15; abstr 3036)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2021.39.15_suppl.3036

Abstract #

3036

Poster Bd #

Online Only

Abstract Disclosures