Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in patients with advanced adrenocortical carcinoma.

Authors

Bassel Nazha

Bassel Nazha

Emory University Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Atlanta, GA

Bassel Nazha , Hiba I. Dada , Leylah Drusbosky , Jacqueline T Brown , Deepak Ravindranathan , Bradley Curtis Carthon , Omer Kucuk , Viraj A. Master , Mehmet Asim Bilen

Organizations

Emory University Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Atlanta, GA, Guardant Health, Inc., Redwood City, CA, NantHealth, Culver City, CA, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, Emory University Hospital Midtown, Atlanta, GA

Research Funding

No funding received
None

Background: Adrenocortical Carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis and limited treatments in the advanced setting. Molecular pathways with tumor suppressor genes (e.g. TP53, CDKN2A) and oncogenes (e.g. CTNNB1 and RAS) are implicated in oncogenesis. To our knowledge, the genomic landscape of ctDNA alterations for ACC has not been described in a large cohort. We report plasma-based ctDNA alterations in patients with advanced ACC. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated genomic data from 102 patients with ACC who had ctDNA testing between 12/2016 – 10/2020 using Guardant360 (Guardant Health, CA). ctDNA analysis interrogated single nucleotide variants (SNV), fusions, indels and copy number variations (CNV) of up to 83 genes. We evaluated the frequency of genomic alterations, the landscape of co-occurring mutations, and pathogenic or likely pathogenic alterations with potential targeted therapies. The prevalence of alterations identified in ctDNA were compared to those detected in tissue using a publicly available database (cBioPortal). Results: The median age was 54 years (range 24-81), and 55% of patients were male. Among the entire cohort, 84 pts (82.4%) had ≥1 somatic alteration detected. Mutations were most frequently detected in TP53 (52%), EGFR (23%), CTNNB1 (18%), MET (18%), and ATM (14%). The frequencies detected in ctDNA were similar to the results detected in tissue. Pathogenic and/or likely pathogenic mutations in therapeutically relevant alterations were observed in 36 patients (35%), including EGFR, BRAF, MET, CDKN2A, and CDK4/6 (Table 1). The most frequently co-occurring mutations were EGFR + TP53 (14%), EGFR + MET (11%), BRAF + MET (10%). Conclusions: Blood-based ctDNA profiling in advanced ACC provided comprehensive genomic data in most patients, with a similar profile to tumor tissue analyses. Over one third of patients had actionable mutations with approved therapies in other cancers. This approach might inform the development of personalized treatment options for this aggressive malignancy.

Gene
ACC patients with mutations in the rapeutically relevant alterations
N
%
EGFR
10
11.9%
BRAF
9
10.7%
MET
9
10.7%
CDKN2A
7
8.3%
NF1
7
8.3%
CDK4
7
8.3%
CDK6
6
7.1%
GNAS
6
7.1%
FGFR 1 or FGFR2
5
6.0%
ATM
4
4.8%

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Abstract Details

Meeting

2021 ASCO Annual Meeting

Session Type

Poster Session

Session Title

Genitourinary Cancer—Kidney and Bladder

Track

Genitourinary Cancer—Kidney and Bladder

Sub Track

Other GU Kidney and Bladder Cancer

Citation

J Clin Oncol 39, 2021 (suppl 15; abstr 4585)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2021.39.15_suppl.4585

Abstract #

4585

Poster Bd #

Online Only

Abstract Disclosures