Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
Zhaohui Jin , William Breen , Rui Jin , Paul D. Brown , Joleen Marie Hubbard
Background: More than 50% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients will develop metastatic disease. Brain metastasis (BM) from colorectal cancer is uncommon (0.6-1.36%). This study aims to investigate the patient characteristics, treatment modalities and prognostic factors in this rare population. Methods: 104 patients with brain metastasis disease from CRC were identified from over 30,000 colorectal cancer patients at the Mayo Clinic Rochester between 1/1994 and 6/2019. A retrospective review was conducted by using data from electronic medical records (EMR). Statistical analysis utilized the Kaplan-Meier method, Log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Among the 104 patients, 62 were male (59.6%) and 42 were female (40.4%). Median age at CRC diagnosis was 58.4 and at BM diagnosis was 61. Thirty-three patients had right-sided colon cancers, 27 patients had left-sided colon cancers and 39 patients had rectal cancer. Median time from CRC diagnosis to BM was 30.7 months. The majority of patients (58.7%) presented with a solitary brain lesion. Eighty-six patients (82.7%) had extracranial metastatic disease at BM diagnosis. Median survival was 7.0 months (95% CI 2.6-16.9) from BM diagnosis. Age <70, solitary BM, surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy were associated with statistically significant improved survival on univariate and multivariate analysis. Multi-modality treatment including surgical brain lesion resection, postoperative stereotactic radiation (SRS) with/without whole brain radiation (WBRT), and chemotherapy significantly improved median overall survival (Table). Conclusions: Although BM from CRC carries poor prognosis, multi-modality treatment (surgery, radiation and systemic chemotherapy) for patients with limited BM improves clinical outcome.
Treatment (patient number) | Median Overall Survival (months) | 95% Confidence Interval (months) |
---|---|---|
Best supportive care (7) | 0.43 | 0-3.3 |
Radiation treatment (38) | 3.13 | 2.53-5.26 |
Radiation/chemo (7) | 12.2 | 2.47-21.94 |
Surgery (12) | 4.8 | 1.78-9.70 |
Surgery/radiation (25) | 14.0 | 7.40-16.91 |
Surgery/radiation/chemo (12) | 41.1 | 19.41-53.19 |
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