UCSD, San Diego, CA
Sunil Hemant Patel , Margaret Frances Meagher , Kazutaka Saito , Dattatraya Patil , Ahmet Bindayi , Ahmed Eldefrawy , Stephen Ryan , Brittney Cotta , Kendrick Yim , Ryan Nasseri , Zachary Hamilton , Yosuke Yasuda , Yasuhisa Fujii , Viraj A. Master , Ithaar Derweesh
Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) is a systemic inflammatory marker which has been associated with overall survival (OS) in Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) patients in Asia. Data supporting utility of CRP as a predictive marker in non-Asian populations are sparse and controversial. We analyzed utility of pre-treatment CRP as a predictor of survival and oncological outcomes in a multicenter cohort of RCC patients. Methods: Retrospective international 3 center analysis of patients of patients with RCC with pretreatment CRP values from 2006-2017. CRP > 0.5mg/dl was used as threshold for elevation and the cohort was subdivided into two groups for descriptive analysis (normal-CRP ≤0.5 and elevated-CRP > 0.5). Primary outcome was recurrence-free survival (RFS). Secondary outcome was overall survival (OS). Kaplan-Meier (KMA) and multivariable analyses (MVA) were utilized to delineate survival outcomes and their predictors. Results: Overall 2695 patients were analyzed (1791 Male/904 female, CRP≤0.5 1198/CRP > 0.5 1496; mean follow-up 36 months). Patients with elevated CRP had higher incidence of hypertension (p = 0.001), BMI (p < 0.001), and tumor size (3.91 cm vs. 6.05 cm, p < 0.001). MVA for RFS demonstrated elevated CRP (OR = 0.542, p = 0.005), increasing tumor size (OR = 0.915, p < 0.001), and high tumor grade (OR = 0.322 p < 0.001) to be independent risk factors. MVA for all-cause mortality demonstrated elevated CRP (OR = 12.396, p = 0.005), increasing tumor size (OR = 1.126, p < 0.001), high tumor grade (OR = 2.474, p < 0.001), and receipt of PN (OR = 1.826, p = 0.001) to be independent risk factors. For normal vs. elevated CRP, KMA revealed 5-year RFS of 90% vs. 85% (p = 0.001), 95% vs 85% (p = 0.163), 85% vs 62% (p = 0.001), 50% vs 60% (p = 0.513) for Stages 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. KMA revealed 5-year OS of 98% vs 80% (p = 0.001), 95% vs 80% (p = 0.103), 95% vs 65% (p = 0.001), 99% vs 40% (p < 0.001) for Stages 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Conclusions: Pre-treatment CRP was an independent predictor of recurrence free survival and overall survival in a multicenter cohort of RCC patients. While further confirmation is requisite, our findings suggest incorporation of CRP into nomographic and risk stratification protocols.
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