Tumor mutation burden (TMB) and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) compared to antibiotic (abx) use to predict for response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in esophagogastric cancer (EGC).

Authors

null

Megan Greally

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY

Megan Greally , Walid K Chatila , Matthew Margolis , Jaclyn Frances Hechtman , Yaelle Tuvy , Ritika Kundra , Marc Ladanyi , David Paul Kelsen , David H. Ilson , Michael F. Berger , Laura H. Tang , David B. Solit , Nikolaus Schultz , Yelena Yuriy Janjigian , Geoffrey Yuyat Ku

Organizations

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center/Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY

Research Funding

Other

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (nivolumab and pembrolizumab) have clear activity in EGC. However, benefit is modest in an unselected population. TMB may be of value as a quantitive marker to identify patients (pts) with durable benefit from immunotherapy (Cancer Discov 2018 Jan;8(1):49-58). We present updated data from an expanded cohort, including irAEs and abx use as determinants of pt outcomes. Methods: All pts treated with anti-CTLA-4, PD-1 or PD-L1 Abs were identified. Outcomes were correlated with TMB by MSK-IMPACT NGS panel of up to 468 genes and clinical variables, including irAEs and abx use. The third quartile of TMB was used as the cut-off. Progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated from the start of immunotherapy. Results: Of 120 pts (110 adenoCs, 10 SCC), 90% had received ≥2 prior chemo regimens, 6 received ≥2 IO regimens. 66 (55%), 17 (14%) and 37 (31%) pts respectively received anti-PD-1, anti PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 plus anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Abs. The median PFS and OS were 1.8 and 5.9 mos; 2-yr OS 19%; objective response rate of 13% (n = 15, 7 PRs, 8 CRs). In IMPACT tested tumors, excluding low purity samples (n = 62), a TMB cut-off of ≥7.4 mut/Mb stratified TMB-low vs -high pts (46 vs 16), with a trend toward improved OS in the TMB-high group (27.1 vs 8.4 mos, p = 0.063). 7 of 7 dMMR pts were TMB-high. In 41 pts (34%) treated with abx during immunotherapy (and 1 month prior), there was a significant improvement in PFS (3.3 vs 1.6 mos, p = 0.04) vs those who were not; with no difference in OS (7.3 vs 4.7 mos, p = 0.23). irAEs occurred in 36 pts (30%) and were associated with improved OS (18.2 vs 3.7 mos, p < 0.0001), irrespective of AE grade. OS (12.7 vs 4.2 mos, p = 0.034) was improved even in pts where irAEs occurred ≤8 weeks from start of immunotherapy. The median PFS and OS in 36 pts (30%) who received chemo following progression were 4.3 and 7.7 mos. Conclusions: A TMB of 7.4 may serve as a cut-off to identify EGC pts more likely to benefit from immunotherapy. Abx use did not negatively impact outcomes and occurrence of irAEs was associated with improved OS. Outcomes for post-immunotherapy chemo appear promising in these heavily treated pts.

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Abstract Details

Meeting

2018 ASCO Annual Meeting

Session Type

Poster Session

Session Title

Gastrointestinal (Noncolorectal) Cancer

Track

Gastrointestinal Cancer—Gastroesophageal, Pancreatic, and Hepatobiliary

Sub Track

Esophageal or Gastric Cancer

Citation

J Clin Oncol 36, 2018 (suppl; abstr 4056)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2018.36.15_suppl.4056

Abstract #

4056

Poster Bd #

245

Abstract Disclosures