Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Indianapolis, IN
K. Clint Cary , Jose A. Pedrosa , Hristos Z. Kaimakliotis , Timothy A. Masterson , Lawrence H. Einhorn , Richard Foster
Background: Patients presenting with metastatic International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) good risk testicular cancer may receive either 4 cycles of etoposide and cisplatin (EP) or 3 cycles of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP). Those with residual retroperitoneal masses following either of these induction chemotherapy regimens will require a post-chemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (PC-RPLND). We sought to examine differences in survival following PC-RPLND between patients receiving EPx4 compared to BEPx3. Methods: The Indiana University Testis Cancer database was queried to identify IGCCCG good risk PC-RPLND patients who received either EPx4 or BEPx3 induction chemotherapy. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Kaplan-Meier plots were generated for the EPx4 and BEPx3 groups and compared using the log-rank test. Survival time was calculated from the date of surgery until date of death or the last date the social security death index was accessed. Results: A total of 226 patients met inclusion criteria between 1985 and 2011. Induction chemotherapy consisted of EPx4 in 47 (21%) patients and BEPx3 in 179 (79%). Most patients (78%) received their chemotherapy at outside institutions and were subsequently referred for PC-RPLND. Of the 12 patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy following PC-RPLND, 8 (66%) had received induction EPx4 while 4 (33%) had received BEPx3 (Fisher's exact p=0.001). Median follow-up was 126 months (IQR: 65-228) during which 16 deaths occurred. The 10-year OS for the EPx4 and BEPx3 groups were 87% and 98%, respectively (log-rank p<0.01). Of the 29 patients with active cancer in the PC-RPLND specimen, the 10-year OS for EPx4 was 50% compared to 83% in the BEPx3 group (log-rank p=0.03). Conclusions: Good risk testicular cancer patients who received BEPx3 may have a modest improvement in survival compared to those who received EPx4 as induction chemotherapy in this retrospective analysis. The overall burden of treatment may be higher with EPx4 as those patients also received more adjuvant chemotherapy compared to those who received induction BEPx3.
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