Serum multiplex analysis of checkpoint proteins in association with immune-related adverse events in patients with melanoma receiving adjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy.

Authors

null

Andrew David Knight

University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA

Andrew David Knight , Sabrina Bruno , Caroline Jane Layding , Hong Wang , Cindy Sander , Walter J Storkus , Lilit Karapetyan , John M. Kirkwood

Organizations

University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL

Research Funding

No funding sources reported

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly improved melanoma (MEL) patient (PT) outcomes. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) may cause significant morbidity, rarely including death. Soluble immune checkpoints have been identified as biomarkers of autoimmune activity and potential off-target pathology. Understanding their relationship to pathologic outcomes may assist in the identification of PTs at highest risk of irAEs. Methods: PTs with resectable stage IIB-IV MEL who received adjuvant anti-programmed-death-1 (PD-1) therapy were identified from the University of Pittsburgh’s MEL Center biospecimen repository (N=273). MILLIPLEX Human Immuno-Oncology Checkpoint Protein Panel 2 was used to study serum levels of immunomodulatory proteins. Mean pretreatment serum levels in PTs with and without irAEs were compared using a two-sample t-test after performing Box-Cox transformation for non-normally distributed data. Results: Sera from 43 PTs were analyzed. The cohort included 28 (65.1%) male, mean age at diagnosis (62), including MEL stage IIIA = 7 (16.3%), IIIB = 16(37.2%) and IIIC = 20(46.5%). The most common irAEs (n=24, 55.8%) were thyroiditis (n=9, 20.9%), dermatitis (n=8, 18.6%), and adrenal insufficiency (n=9, 21.0%). Multiple irAEs were observed amongst 22 (51.2%) PTs with ≥3 irAEs and 6 (13.9%) with 5 irAEs. Visceral irAEs included Hepatitis (n=3, 7.0%), pneumonitis (n=2, 4.7%), and colitis (n=5, 11.6%). Seven of 8 patients with visceral irAEs required corticosteroids. Siglec-7 (mean 23.4 vs 3.51 pg/mL, p=0.018) and siglec-9 (mean 77.0 vs 33.1 pg/mL, p=0.049) were significantly elevated in the PTs who developed any irAE. After stratifying for each individual irAE, PTs with thyroiditis had elevated Nectin-4 (mean 2785.5 vs 494.7 pg/mL, p<0.001) and serum arginase (mean 2437.5 vs 1383.1 pg/mL, p= 0.046) was elevated in PTs who developed colitis. PTs with hepatitis demonstrated increased galectin-3 (mean 10103.9 vs 9915.3 pg/mL, p=0.045) and decreased levels of CD40L (mean 2869.2 vs 9496.9 pg/mL, p=0.033). In PTs with dermatitis B7-H3 (mean 2503.3 vs 732.4 pg/mL, p=0.009) and MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence B (mean 1598.0 vs 259.1 pg/mL, p=0.048) were elevated. Conclusions: We have demonstrated unique serum checkpoint protein profiles related to specific irAEs in melanoma patients receiving adjuvant anti-PD1. Further studies are warranted to confirm and validate the utility of these irAE predictors during adjuvant anti-PD-1.

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Abstract Details

Meeting

2024 ASCO Annual Meeting

Session Type

Poster Session

Session Title

Melanoma/Skin Cancers

Track

Melanoma/Skin Cancers

Sub Track

Local-Regional Disease

Citation

J Clin Oncol 42, 2024 (suppl 16; abstr 9588)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2024.42.16_suppl.9588

Abstract #

9588

Poster Bd #

372

Abstract Disclosures

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