The impact of Wnt pathway alterations including RNF43, GNAS, CTNNB1, and APC on prognosis and potential therapeutic vulnerability in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Authors

Naoko Takebe

Naoko Takebe

Elkridge, MD

Naoko Takebe , Edik Matthew Blais , Jasmine Huynh , Dzung Thach , Patricia Miren de Arbeloa , Lynn McCormick Matrisian , Emanuel Petricoin III, Michael J. Pishvaian , Vincent Chung , Patrick M Boland , Rona Yaeger , Raymond Couric Wadlow , Andrew Eugene Hendifar , Avinoam Nevler , Timothy Lewis Cannon

Organizations

Elkridge, MD, Perthera, South San Francisco, CA, Inova Schar Cancer Institute, Fairfax, VA, Perthera, Mclean, VA, Pancreatic Cancer Action Network, Manhattan Beach, CA, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA

Research Funding

Pancreatic Cancer Action Network
Perthera

698

Background: Several Wnt pathway genes (RNF43, GNAS, CTNNB1, APC) are mutated in PDAC but their clinical implications remain unclear. Both RNF43, a membrane E3 ubiquitin ligase that negatively regulates Wnt via FZD, and GNAS, a mediator of GPCR signaling, are enriched in IPMN-associated PDAC whereas CTNNB1 is a hallmark of solid pseudopapillary neoplasms. Here, we retrospectively analyzed progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in a PDAC cohort to understand potential therapeutic and prognostic differences between tumors with (MUT) or without (WT) Wnt pathway mutations. Methods: We analyzed longitudinal outcomes across 774 patients (pts) with NGS results from Perthera’s Real-World Evidence database who received at least 1 line of therapy in the advanced setting for PDAC. PFS was evaluated from initiation of 1st line for advanced disease until discontinuation due to disease progression. Hazard ratios and p-values were computed via Cox regression when comparing PFS within subsets that received either 1st line FOLFIRINOX (FFX) or 1st line gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel (GA). Differences in frequencies of genomic alterations outside the Wnt pathway were analyzed by Fisher’s exact test. Results: Within the analysis cohort (N = 774), Wnt pathway alterations were present in 72 (9.3%) of PDAC tumors based on mutations in either RNF43 (4%), GNAS (3%), CTNNB1 (<1%), or APC (2%). Median OS (relative to advanced diagnosis) was significantly longer in the MUT subgroup compared to WT (Table). Median PFS on 1st line GA was significantly longer in MUT pts, and a similar insignificant trend was noted for PFS on 1st line FFX (Table). MSI-high and PIK3CA mutations were enriched for co-occurrence with Wnt pathway alterations whereas common PDAC mutations in KRAS and TP53 were less frequent in MUT pts (Table). Gene-specific trends and potential confounders will be discussed in the context of multivariate OS/PFS analyses. Conclusions: The presence of Wnt pathway alterations identifies a subgroup of advanced PDAC with improved PFS and OS.

Comparisons of mPFS on 1st line therapies (GA or FFX), mOS relative to advanced diagnosis, and frequencies of co-occurring mutations (%) between patients with Wnt pathway alterations (MUT) or without (WT).

Outcomes
or Molecular
Comparison
Wnt Pathway MUT
Median [95% CI] (# Pts)
or Frequency (%)
Wnt Pathway WT
Median [95% CI] (# Pts)
or Frequency (%)
MUT vs WT
P-value (HR [95% CI])
mOS (years since advanced diagnosis)2.0y [1.6-2.4] (72)1.5y [1.4-1.7] (702)0.0258 (0.69 [0.5-0.96])
mPFS (months on 1st line GA)11.2m [8.9-N/A] (36)7.1m [6.1-7.7] (320)0.00407 (0.51 [0.33-0.81])
mPFS (months on 1st line FFX)12.2m [11.7-N/A] (36)8.9m [7.5-10] (382)0.0646 (0.63 [0.38-1.03])
KRAS Mutation79.3%89.6%0.0000223
TP53 Mutation59.9%75.9%0.000527
PIK3CA Mutation5.7%1.7%0.00045
MSI-High3.5%0.9%0.00378

Disclaimer

This material on this page is ©2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology, all rights reserved. Licensing available upon request. For more information, please contact licensing@asco.org

Abstract Details

Meeting

2024 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium

Session Type

Poster Session

Session Title

Poster Session B: Cancers of the Pancreas, Small Bowel, and Hepatobiliary Tract

Track

Pancreatic Cancer,Hepatobiliary Cancer,Neuroendocrine/Carcinoid,Small Bowel Cancer

Sub Track

Tumor Biology, Biomarkers, and Pathology

Citation

J Clin Oncol 42, 2024 (suppl 3; abstr 698)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2024.42.3_suppl.698

Abstract #

698

Poster Bd #

N7

Abstract Disclosures

Similar Abstracts

Abstract

2024 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium

Association between TP53 gain of function and loss of function mutational subgroups and survival in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

First Author: Nitzan Zohar

First Author: Alexander Hua Xiao

Abstract

2023 ASCO Annual Meeting

Relations between mutant KRAS and TP53 subtypes and other co-mutations in pancreatic cancer.

First Author: Soniya Abraham

Abstract

2024 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium

Clinical impact of KRAS mutations in metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

First Author: Carter Norton