Background: Anti-tumor therapy is the most frequent cause of toxic neuropathy in the Western population. Unlike its acute presentation (AN), chronic neuropathy appears during treatment and persists for more than six months after the end of chemotherapy, significantly limiting the quality of life of many patients. Although it is a drug-dependent toxicity, there is scarce evidence about its frequency and the factors that are determinant in its development. The main objetive is to know the incidence of NPCIQ as well as to identify factors that predispose to its appearance. Methods: We retrospectively selected 98 patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel (P) (80mg/m2/weekly) or oxaliplatin (O) (130 mg/m2/every 3 weeks), establishing three groups: Group A and B: Patients treated with P or O and who have developed NPCIQ and Group C patients treated with P or O and who have not developed NPCIQ.Group A P+ NPCIQ: 34 (33,3 %), Group B O+NPCIQ: 27 (26,5 %) and Group C non-NPCIQ: 37 (36,2%). Results: Of the 79 patients who developed AN, 61 (77,2%) developed NPCIQ, of these 34 due to paclitaxel and 27 due to oxaliplatin. Those patients with a body mass index > 30 or toxic habits developed NPCIQ more frequently: 24% vs 36% and 24% vs 42% (p: 0.054) respectively (Table 1).The obesity impact on NPCIQ is statistically significative for paclitaxel group (p: 0,027). Conclusions: NPCIQ is a frequent toxicity, there are avoidable factors such as obesity, smoking and alcohol that can influence its development. Recommendations aimed at avoiding overweight or the consumption of alcohol and tobacco may be useful to reduce the incidence of NPCIQ.