Shattering myths regarding Hispanic ethnicity and survival in acute myeloid leukemia: Insights from the National Cancer Database.

Authors

null

Naveen Premnath

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX

Naveen Premnath , Adeel Khan , Mohak Pandey , Urvashi Pandey , Fieke W Hoff , Stephen Chung , Praveen Ramakrishnan Geethakumari , Robert Collins , Elizabeth Paulk , John W. Sweetenham , Yazan F Madanat

Organizations

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX

Research Funding

No funding received
None.

Background: Previous smaller studies suggest that despite younger age at presentation, Hispanic patients (HP) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have worse prognosis than non-Hispanics patients (NHP). Methods: We queried the National Cancer Database (NCDB) between 2004 to 2017 for adults aged ≥18 years for a diagnosis of AML using the ICD-O-3 diagnosis code. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were compared. Results: A total of 144,146 patients with AML were identified during the study period of which 9173 were Hispanic (6.4%). The median age at diagnosis was 66 years overall. Hispanics were younger at presentation with median age 55 compared to 67 in non-Hispanics (p< 0.001). A higher proportion of HP were uninsured and in the lowest income quartile compared to NHP across all AML subtypes. HP had statistically significant longer survival across AML subtypes except for tAML. When adjusted for age, sex, Charlson Deyo Comorbidity Index, insurance, chemotherapy, transplant, and income status using a multivariate Cox regression analysis, HP had non-inferior survival to NHP. Conclusions: We present the largest study to date in Hispanics with AML. Hispanics presented at younger ages and had worse socioeconomic factors compared to NHP and when adjusted for multiple variables, did not have worse outcomes as reported in prior data. We believe previous studies in HP demonstrating worse prognosis may reflect bias and confounding given smaller patient numbers and are suggestive of disparities in access to health care and present opportunities for improvement.

Multivariable cox survival analysis.

APML
(n = 11657)
AEL
(n = 2583)
AML with MDS changes
(n = 10739)
tAML
(n = 4789)
Myeloid Sarcoma
(n = 1351)
AML-NOS
(n = 113027)
HRpHRpHRpHRpHRpHRp
Age
< 21 (Reference)111111
21-401.160.378.190.041.230.490.990.950.710.251.110.03
41-601.71< 0.00113.560.011.90.031.410.111.10.721.69< 0.001
61-702.97< 0.00117.660.0042.590.0011.870.0041.730.062.69< 0.001
71-804.4< 0.00123.820.0013.40< 0.0012.2< 0.0011.990.013.94< 0.001
> 805.4< 0.00126.690.0013.87< 0.0012.59< 0.0012.440.0025.01< 0.001
Sex
Male (Reference)1NANANANA1
Female0.88< 0.001NANANANA0.96< 0.001
Charlson Deyo Score
0 (Reference)11111
11.60< 0.0011.35< 0.0011.32< 0.0011.39< 0.0011.140.141.3< 0.001
21.94< 0.0011.53< 0.0011.51< 0.0011.51< 0.0011.110.461.5< 0.001
32.41< 0.0011.72< 0.0011.81< 0.0011.64< 0.0011.650.0071.69< 0.001
Transplant
YesNA0.940.560.970.660.900.09NA1.22< 0.001
No (Reference)NA111NA1
Income status lowest quartile
Yes1.16< 0.001NA1.090.0011.18< 0.0010.940.561.13< 0.001
No (Reference)1NA1111
Chemotherapy received
Yes0.20< 0.0010.46< 0.0010.46< 0.0010.930.070.7< 0.0010.42< 0.001
No (Reference)111
Ethnicity
Hispanic0.890.070.920.411.010.900.930.400.810.130.86< 0.001
Non-Hispanic (Reference)111111

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Abstract Details

Meeting

2023 ASCO Annual Meeting

Session Type

Poster Session

Session Title

Hematologic Malignancies—Leukemia, Myelodysplastic Syndromes, and Allotransplant

Track

Hematologic Malignancies

Sub Track

Acute Leukemia

Citation

J Clin Oncol 41, 2023 (suppl 16; abstr 7032)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2023.41.16_suppl.7032

Abstract #

7032

Poster Bd #

162

Abstract Disclosures

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