Spectrum of acquired KRAS mutations in driver mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer.

Authors

Joshua Reuss

Joshua E. Reuss

Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC

Joshua E. Reuss , Nishant Gandhi , Phillip Walker , Jorge J. Nieva , Jean Gabriel Bustamante Alvarez , Jennifer W Carlisle , Aakash Desai , Ari M. Vanderwalde , Patrick C. Ma , Stephen V. Liu

Organizations

Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, University of Southern California, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA

Research Funding

No funding received
None.

Background: With the emergence of effective targeted-therapies for KRAS G12C, and the development of promising agents for KRAS G12V and G12D among others, the identity of unique KRAS mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has become increasingly relevant. Acquired KRAS mutations are a known mechanism of resistance observed across driver mutation-positive (DM+) NSCLC. The incidence and diversity of these acquired alterations, and whether they differ from those observed in de novoKRAS-mutated NSCLC, is unknown. Methods: NSCLC molecular profiles were obtained using next-generation sequencing (Caris Life Sciences) with paired whole-transcriptomic sequencing (Illumina NovaSeq) and immunohistochemistry (Caris Life Sciences). Demographic data were abstracted from medical records. KRAS mutation diversity was defined for de novo KRAS-mutated (KRASmt) NSCLC (KRAS as only identified driver –KRASmt_dn) and DM+ NSCLC with acquired KRAS mutations (concurrent KRASmt with other known driver –KRASmt_acq). Fisher’s exact test was used to compare the distribution of unique KRAS mutations between the groups. Due to the unique biology of NSCLC with class II/III BRAF mutations, this subset was removed from the KRASmt_acq subgroup for the final analysis. Results: A total of 5932 KRASmt NSCLC samples were identified, among which 5879 were KRASmt_dn and 53 were KRASmt_acq (see table). The distribution of unique KRAS mutations was not significantly different between groups (p = 0.14). Within the KRASmt_dn group, KRAS G12C was most common (40%), followed by G12V (19%), G12D (14%), G12A (7%) and Q61H/G13C (4% each). In the KRASmt_acq group, KRAS G12C was most common (30%), followed by G12D (19%), G12V (17%), Q61H (11%), G12A (7%), and G13C (6%). The most common observed driver mutations in the KRASmt_acq group were EGFR (38%) and MET (30%). In the EGFR group, KRAS G12D (25%), Q61H/G12C (20% each), G12V/G13C (10% each), and G12F/A/R (5% each) were observed. In the MET group, KRAS G12C (25%), G12D/V/A (19% each), Q61H (12%) and G12S (6%) were seen. Among 7 patients with a documented history of smoking in the KRASmt_acq group, KRAS G12D and Q61H were most common (29% each), followed by G12V/F and G13C (14% each). Conclusions: While the distribution of unique KRAS mutations did not differ significantly between KRASmt_dn and KRASmt_acq groups, acquired KRAS mutations were seen across DM+ NSCLC subsets, among which the frequency of observed mutations appeared to vary. The functional and immunological significance of these mutations, and their impact on clinical outcomes, warrants further investigation.

KRASmt
_dn
KRASmt
_acq
EGFRMETALKHER2ROS1BRAF Class 1
# of pts58795320167613
G12C40%30%20%25%57%50%100%-
G12D14%19%25%19%-33%--
G12V19%17%10%19%29%--67%
G12A7%7%5%19%----
Q61H4%11%20%12%----
G13C4%6%10%----33%
G12F2%2%5%-----
G12R1%2%5%-----
G12S2%4%-6%-17%--
Other7%2%--14%---

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Abstract Details

Meeting

2023 ASCO Annual Meeting

Session Type

Poster Session

Session Title

Lung Cancer—Non-Small Cell Metastatic

Track

Lung Cancer

Sub Track

Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

Citation

J Clin Oncol 41, 2023 (suppl 16; abstr 9069)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2023.41.16_suppl.9069

Abstract #

9069

Poster Bd #

57

Abstract Disclosures

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