Clinical outcomes following termination of immunotherapy due to long-term benefit in MSI-H colorectal cancer.

Authors

null

Kristen Simmons

Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX

Kristen Simmons , Bryan K. Kee , Kanwal Pratap Singh Raghav , Benny Johnson , Scott Kopetz , Jason Willis , Arvind Dasari , Eduardo Vilar Sanchez , Kaysia Ludford , Christine Megerdichian Parseghian , Michael Sangmin Lee , Phat Le , John Paul Y.C. Shen , Michael J. Overman , Van K. Morris II

Organizations

Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, The University of Texas MD Anderson, Houston, TX, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and SWOG, Houston, TX

Research Funding

No funding received

Background: Immune checkpoint blockade therapy improves survival in patients (pts) with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Oncologists often discontinue immunotherapy after 2 years of disease control based on prior trial data. Recurrence outcomes following discontinuation of immunotherapy and clinicopathologic features associated with recurrence remain underreported given the recent advent of these agents for pts with MSI-H advanced CRC. Methods: Records from pts with MSI-H CRC from MD Anderson Cancer Center who received immunotherapy between 2015-2022 and stopped after clinical benefit were reviewed. Median survival was estimated according to the Kaplan-Meier method. Associations between the event of recurrence and coexisting mutations (KRAS, NRAS, BRAFV600E, PIK3CA, APC, TP53, POLE/POLD), metastatic site (lung, liver, lymph nodes, or peritoneum), primary tumor sidedness (right vs. left colon), and prior immunotherapy (anti-PD-(L)1 alone or with anti-CTLA-4 antibodies) were measured by Fisher’s exact tests. Results: Thirty-six pts with MSI-H CRC without progression on immunotherapy were reviewed. Of these 29 and 7 received anti-PDL1 antibody alone or in combination with anti-CTLA-4 antibody, respectively. Median exposure to prior immunotherapy was 24 months (range, 5-43). After a median follow-up of 19 months (95% CI, 14-26) after stopping immunotherapy, 30 of 36 pts (83%) remained without disease progression. For the 6 patients with progression after stopping, median time to relapse was 13 months (range, 5-31). Median disease-free survival (DFS) was not reached. The estimated 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year DFS probabilities were 90% (95% CI, 79-100), 79.1% (95% CI, 64-98), and 68% (95% CI, 47-98), respectively. Median overall survival from the time that immunotherapy was stopped was 54 months (95% CI, 47-NA). Only 1 pt died due to unrelated illness. There were no observed associations between disease recurrence and co-existing mutations, metastatic organ involvement, primary tumor sidedness, or immunotherapy used. Conclusions: Most pts with MSI-H advanced CRC who achieve initial clinical benefit and do not progress on immunotherapy do not recur after treatment is stopped. Our data suggest that favorable outcomes do occur following cessation of immunotherapy in this setting even with concomitant prognostically unfavorable clinical features (RAS, BRAFV600E mutations; liver, peritoneal metastases).

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Abstract Details

Meeting

2022 ASCO Annual Meeting

Session Type

Poster Session

Session Title

Gastrointestinal Cancer—Colorectal and Anal

Track

Gastrointestinal Cancer—Colorectal and Anal

Sub Track

Colorectal Cancer–Advanced Disease

Citation

J Clin Oncol 40, 2022 (suppl 16; abstr 3585)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2022.40.16_suppl.3585

Abstract #

3585

Poster Bd #

379

Abstract Disclosures