Background: Testicular cancer (TC) treatment has been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. To facilitate development of preventive strategies, this study assessed risk factors associated with CVD in TC survivors. Methods: Incidence of coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction and heart failure was assessed in a multicenter cohort comprising 4,748 TC survivors treated at ages of 12-50 years between 1976-2007. Patients who developed CVD and a random sample from the cohort received a questionnaire on cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and quality of life (QoL, measured with SF-36). A subgroup (n=304) of responders in the cohort additionally underwent clinical evaluation of CVRF. Results: After a median follow-up of 16 years, 272 patients developed CVD. Compared to orchidectomy only, platinum-based chemotherapy was associated with increased CVD risk (Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.8, 95% Confidence Interval(CI) 1.3-2.5). CVD risk was increased among patients who were obese or a smoker at diagnosis (HR 4.7, 95%CI 2.4-9.3 and HR 1.5, 95%CI 1.1-2.2, respectively) and patients with Raynaud's phenomenon (HR 1.9, 95%CI 1.1-3.6) or a family history of CVD (HR 2.7, 95%CI 1.6-4.5). TC survivors with CVD reported inferior QoL on physical domains (table). In TC survivors who underwent clinical evaluation for CVRF (median age at assessment 51 years), 86% had dyslipidemia, 50% hypertension and 35% metabolic syndrome, irrespective of treatment. Conclusions: TC survivors treated with platinum-based chemotherapy, who were obese or smoking at diagnosis, had family history of CVD and who developed Raynaud’s phenomenon are at risk to develop CVD, which affects QoL. Many TC survivors carry undetected CVRF. We advocate early lifestyle adjustments and lifelong follow-up with low-threshold treatment of CVRF, especially in obese and smoking patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy.