Background: In 2017, ASCO established the ASCO medical student and resident Abstract Forum. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of the ASCO medical student and resident abstract forum participants. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational study of Abstract Forum participants from 2017 to 2021. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the participants' demographics by gender, stage of training, and institution location. We reported the publication rates and career paths of presenters. Results: The number of participants has more than tripled in the five years since the program's inception. Female participants are almost half of the total. In 2017, there was only one international participant. Over the subsequent five years, international members have steadily increased and represented nearly one-third of all participants in 2021. In the inaugural year, most forum participants were from institutions with ASCO Sponsored Oncology Student Interest Groups (OSIG), but in 2021 almost half were from institutions without OSIGs. The majority of participants were medical students, followed by internal medicine residents. Of a total of 179 abstracts presented between 2017 and 2021, 35 (19.55%) were subsequently published as full-text peer-reviewed manuscripts. Studies presented orally and studies presented by participants from the United States were significantly more frequently published as articles. 58.49% of medical student presenters that started residency chose Internal Medicine or Radiation Oncology. 50% of the student presenters that graduated internal medicine residency went to Hematology-Oncology fellowship. Most of the resident presenters that completed residency went to pursue careers in Hematology-Oncology (72.73%). Conclusions: The steady increase in participants since the program's creation demonstrates interest in the medical student and internal medicine resident community in these types of initiatives. The increase in international participants over the years highlights opportunities for ASCO to expand its global reach and efforts, particularly in low-income countries where trainees have the highest need for mentoring and organized support. Our study provides critical insights into the profile of participants of the Abstract Forum. Participation in this program should be encouraged, especially in countries with high cancer prevalence and mortality.