Evaluating therapeutic bladder cancer trial disparities in race/ethnicity.

Authors

null

Ishaan Iyer

University of California, Davis, Davis, CA

Ishaan Iyer , Sylvia Zhang , Hala Borno

Organizations

University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, University of California, San Francisco, CA, University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA

Research Funding

No funding received

Background: Racial clinical trial disparities in bladder cancer outcomes remains a critical problem in the United States. This study sought to examine representation by race and sex among therapeutic bladder cancer clinical trials that informs the standard of care in bladder cancer management. Methods: Published clinical trial data that inform clinical management were identified from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines and by clinician input from 2009 to 2021. The characteristics of participants, including sex and race, were collected. Clinical trials were categorized by clinical setting: metastatic bladder cancer (MBC), muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), and non-muscle invasive (NMIBC). Bladder cancer incidence by race were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. SEER incidence data by race was compared to the racial/ethnic breakdown of bladder cancer clinical trial participants and evaluated using hypothesis testing (chi-square). Results: A total of 28 clinical trials were assessed, with a pooled sample of 8003 participants. race was reported for 1786 participants. A total of 17 clinical trials did not report race. The population data from SEER details bladder cancer distributions as 89.52% White, 5.80% Black, 0.33% American Indian/Alaska Native, and 4.36% Asian or Pacific Islander. Chi-square analysis demonstrated significant differences in racial representation for MBC (p< 0.0001) and NMIBC (p=0.0423) settings. No significant differences were observed in the MIBC (p= 0.1954) setting. Conclusions: This study observed that the distributions of race in MBC and NMIBC clinical trials are different from that of the population affected by bladder cancer. It is imperative for therapeutic cancer clinical trials to achieve adequate representation to ensure standard of care therapies in bladder cancer management benefits all.

Metastatic

(All)

N = 14
Metastatic (Phase I, I/II)

N = 9
Metastatic

(Phase II/III, III)

N = 5
Muscle

Invasive (All)

N = 9
Muscle

Invasive

(Phase I, I/II)

N = 5
Muscle

Invasive

(Phase II/III,

III)

N = 4
Non-Muscle

Invasive (All)

N = 5
Non-Muscle

Invasive

(Phase I,

I/II)

N = 2
Non-Muscle Invasive

(Phase II/III,

III)

N = 3
Total

Participants
3726
1345
2381
2047
396
1651
2230
573
1657
Race
N = 1163
N = 758
N = 405
N = 170
N = 170
N = 0
N = 453
N = 453
N = 0
NH

White
1033

(89%)
639

(84%)
394

(97%)
154

(91%)
154

(91%)
0
414

(91%)
414

(91%)
0
NH Black
31 (3%)
31 (4%)
0
11 (6%)
11 (6%)
0
15 (3%)
15 (3%)
0
Asian
29 (2%)
29 (4%)
2 (1%)
2 (1%)
0
12 (3%)
12 (3%)
0
American

Indian or

Alaska

Native
0
0
0
0
0
0
2 (≈0%)
2 (≈0%)
0
Native

Hawaiian

/Other

Pacific

Islander
3(≈ 0%)
3 (1%)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Hispanic or Latino
0
0
0
3 (2%)
3 (2%)
0
0
0
0
Other/Not reported
44 (4%), 23 (2%)
33 (4%), 23 (3%)
11 (3%)
0
0
0
1 (≈0%)

9 (2%)
1 (≈0%)

9 (2%)
0

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Abstract Details

Meeting

2022 ASCO Genitourinary Cancers Symposium

Session Type

Poster Session

Session Title

Poster Session B: Urothelial Carcinoma

Track

Urothelial Carcinoma

Sub Track

Cancer Disparities

Citation

J Clin Oncol 40, 2022 (suppl 6; abstr 446)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2022.40.6_suppl.446

Abstract #

446

Poster Bd #

Online Only

Abstract Disclosures