Background: Diet may be associated with survival and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among CRC survivors. Behavioral interventions using web and mobile technology are feasible and acceptable approaches to modify dietary behavior. Little is known about the effect of web-based dietary interventions on HRQOL among CRC survivors. Methods: The Survivor Choices for Eating and Drinking study (SUCCEED) was a pilot randomized wait-list controlled trial designed to determine the feasibility and acceptability of a 12-week (wk) web-based dietary intervention with daily text messages. In this secondary analysis, we estimated the effect of the intervention on HRQOL. Between 2017-2018, 50 CRC survivors were randomized (1:1) to intervention or control. Participants in the intervention arm received the intervention in wk 1-12 and were followed from wks 12-24. Participants assigned to the control arm for 1-12 wks had the option to receive the intervention in wks 13-24. In both arms, HRQOL and sleep quality were assessed using the EORTC QLQ–C30 and CR29 and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index at 0, 12, and 24 wks. Within- and between-group mean changes in HRQOL from enrollment to 12 and 24 wks were evaluated using independent t-test and paired t-test. Results: Follow-up was 88% complete at 12 and 24 wks in the intervention arm and 92% and 80% complete at 12 and 24 wks in controls. Participants mean age was 56 ± 9 y; 34% were men, 70% identified as non-Latinx White, 12% identified as Latinx, and 70% had stage III cancer. Between 0 and 12 wks, an increase in emotional functioning was observed in the intervention arm [mean change: 9.1; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.2,16.0], while a decrease in emotional functioning was observed in controls (mean change: -5.1; 95%CI: -14.5,4.1; between-group mean difference: 14.3; 95%CI: 3.0,25.6). Between 0 and 24 wks, an increase in social functioning (mean change in intervention: 12.1; 95%CI: 2.1,22.1; between-group mean difference: 13.8; 95%CI: 2.1,25.5) and a decrease in fatigue (mean change in intervention: -9.1; 95%CI: -17.1,-1.1; between-group mean difference: -4.1; 95% CI: -15.8,7.6) was observed in the intervention arm. No other measures of HRQOL or sleep quality differed within or between arms. Conclusions: A web-based dietary intervention with daily text messages may improve emotional and social functioning among CRC survivors. Further study to evaluate the effect of web-based interventions on HRQOL among CRC survivors in larger studies may be merited. Clinical trial information: NCT02965521.