Racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities in diagnosis, treatment, and survival of patients with breast cancer.

Authors

null

Arash Azin

University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Arash Azin , Houman Tahmasebi , Amanpreet Brar , Sam Azin , Gary T. Ko , Andrea Covelli , Tulin D. Cil

Organizations

University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, University of Toronto, Brampton, Canada, Queens University, Toronto, ON, Canada, Shouldice Hernia Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada, Division of General Surgery, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada

Research Funding

No funding received
None

Background: Racial disparities in breast cancer are well established. However, there is a paucity of literature assessing the interaction of patient, socioeconomic, and community factors on outcomes. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of race/ ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), and insurance status on disease presentation, access to care, and survival in breast cancer. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of Non-Hispanic Black (NHB), Non-Hispanic White (NHW), and Hispanic patients with non-metastatic breast cancer in the SEER cancer registry between 2007 and 2016. Multivariable binary logistic regression and Cox regression analyses were conducted. Results: A total of 382,975 patients were identified; 289,074 (75.5%) NHW, 45,821 (12.0%) NHB, and 48,080 (12.6%) Hispanic patients. On multivariate analysis (see table), NHB (OR 1.18, 95%CI: 1.15-1.20) and Hispanic (OR 1.20, 95%CI: 1.17-1.22) patients were more likely to present with higher stage disease than NHW patients. There was an increased likelihood of not undergoing primary resection in NHB (OR 1.56, 95%CI: 1.49-1.65) and Hispanic (OR 1.41, 95%CI: 1.34-1.48) patients compared to NHWs. Similarly, NHB and Hispanic patients had increased odds of not undergoing breast reconstruction following mastectomy (OR 1.07, 95%CI: 1.03-1.11 and OR 1.60, 95%CI 1.54-1.66, respectively). NHB patients had increased hazard for all-cause mortality (HR: 1.13, 95%CI 1.10-1.16) and breast cancer-specific mortality (HR: 1.20, 95%CI 1.16-1.24). All-cause mortality increased across SES categories (lower SES: HR 1.33, 95%CI 1.30-1.37, middle SES: HR 1.20, 95%CI 1.17-1.23) in NHBs. Conclusions: This population-based analysis confirms worse disease presentation, access to surgical therapy, and survival across racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic factors. These disparities were compounded across worsening SES, suggesting structural racism may partly account for our findings.




OR / HR [95%CI]
Stage II/III (ref=stage I)
SES
Upper
1


Middle
1.09 [1.07-1.11] <0.001


Lower
1.15 [1.13-1.17] <0.001

Race/Ethnicity




NHW
1


NHB
1.18 [1.15-1.20] <0.001


Hispanic
1.20 [1.17-1.22] <0.001
No Surgery (ref=surgery)




SES
Upper
1


Middle
0.91 [0.87-0.95] <0.001


Lower
0.92 [0.88-0.97] <0.001

Race/Ethnicity




NHW
1


NHB
1.56 [1.49-1.64] <0.001


Hispanic
1.41 [1.34-1.48] <0.001
No Reconstruction (ref=recon)




SES
Upper
1


Middle
1.54 [1.50-1.59] <0.001


Lower
2.27 [2.20-2.35] <0.001

Race/Ethnicity




NHW
1


NHB
1.07 [1.03-1.11] p=0.002


Hispanic
1.60 [1.54-1.66] <0.001
Overall Mortality




SES
Upper
1


Middle
1.20 [1.17-1.23] <0.001


Lower
1.33 [1.30-1.37] <0.001

Race/Ethnicity




NHW
1


NHB
1.13 [1.10-1.16] <0.001


Hispanic
0.89 [0.85-0.90] <0.001
Cancer Specific Mortality




SES
Upper
1


Middle
1.17 [1.14-1.21] <0.001


Lower
1.28 [1.24-1.33] <0.001

Race/Ethnicity




NHW
1


NHB
1.20 [1.16-1.24] <0.001


Hispanic
0.94 [0.90-0.98] p=0.002

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Abstract Details

Meeting

2021 ASCO Annual Meeting

Session Type

Publication Only

Session Title

Publication Only: Health Services Research and Quality Improvement

Track

Quality Care/Health Services Research

Sub Track

Access to Care

Citation

J Clin Oncol 39, 2021 (suppl 15; abstr e18551)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2021.39.15_suppl.e18551

Abstract #

e18551

Abstract Disclosures

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