Prognostic pathological and clinical factors associated with overall survival in metastatic melanoma undergoing anti PD-1 treatment.

Authors

null

Kim Koczka

Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, AB, Canada

Kim Koczka , Rodrigo Rigo , Aleksi Suo , Mohammad Asad , Edwin Wang , Eugene Batuyong , Tina Cheng

Organizations

Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, AB, Canada, Abbotsford Regional Hospital & Cancer, Abbotsford, BC, Canada, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calagry, AB, Canada, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada, Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

Research Funding

No funding received
None

Background: Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy has revolutionized metastatic melanoma treatment, as first-line monotherapy or in combination with Ipilimumab. Up to 40% of patients will progress within 3 months, with limited evidence on who derives benefit from immunotherapy. We report clinical and pathological predictive and prognostic factors from a multi-institutional cohort. Methods: Patients between 2014-2017 treated with Nivolumab and Pembrolizumab were identified from a provincial pharmacy database in Alberta, Canada. All patients had unresectable stage III or IV melanoma. Patient characteristics, investigations, treatment and clinical outcomes were obtained from electronic medical records. We utilized Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier methods to analyze progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: 143 patients with either cutaneous (115) or primary unknown (28) melanoma were identified. Immunotherapy was median second line treatment and patients received a median of 7 doses. The median age was 64, and 144 (80%) were either ECOG 0 or 1 at treatment initiation. The overall response rate was 33%, with median follow up of 25 months. Ulcerated primary tumors had a lower mOS of 30 months vs. 49 months (p=0.042). Other pathologic factors (including Breslow Depth, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, mitosis) were not associated with PFS or OS. Clinical factors associated with worsened mPFS and mOS were liver metastases, >3 sites of disease, and any visceral disease. Elevated LDH, platelets, neutrophils, and lower hemoglobin, lymphocytes, and a neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio were associated with worse mPFS and mOS. We identified 4 prognostic subgroups using LDH and number of visceral sites (Table) which was statistically significant for mPFS and mOS. Conclusions: Ulcerated primary tumors, liver metastasis, and more sites of disease had worse mPFS and mOS. We also identified 4 novel prognostic subgroups strongly associated with survival outcomes.


Normal LDH, < 3 visceral sites
Normal LDH, > 3 visceral sites
LDH 1-2x ULN
LDH > 2x ULN
mPFS (months)
32.3
16.9
8.5
4.8
mOS (months)
84.3
40.1
20.0
8.7

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Abstract Details

Meeting

2021 ASCO Annual Meeting

Session Type

Publication Only

Session Title

Publication Only: Melanoma/Skin Cancers

Track

Melanoma/Skin Cancers

Sub Track

Advanced/Metastatic Disease

Citation

J Clin Oncol 39, 2021 (suppl 15; abstr e21531)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2021.39.15_suppl.e21531

Abstract #

e21531

Abstract Disclosures