Disparities in cardiovascular risk factors by race/ethnicity among adult survivors of childhood cancer: A report from the Childhood Cancer Survivorship Study (CCSS).

Authors

David Noyd

David H Noyd

Duke University Health System, Durham, NC

David H Noyd , Yutaka Yasui , Nan Li , Eric Jessen Chow , Smita Bhatia , Andrew Landstrom , Susan Gilchrist , Emily S. Tonorezos , Leah L. Zullig , Jacqueline N. Casillas , Amy Madelon Berkman , Kirsten K. Ness , Daniel A. Mulrooney , Wendy M. Leisenring , Carrie R. Howell , Jamie Michelle Shoag , Anne C. Kirchhoff , Rebecca M. Howell , Gregory T. Armstrong , Kevin C. Oeffinger

Organizations

Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, University of Miami - Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, Duke University, Durham, NC

Research Funding

U.S. National Institutes of Health
U.S. National Institutes of Health

Background: Racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities are documented in outcomes for childhood cancer survivors. Understanding whether childhood cancer modifies established disparities in cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in the general population would inform strategies to reduce health inequities among survivors. Methods: The CCSS is a retrospectively constructed cohort with prospective follow-up consisting of 25,579 five year survivors of childhood cancer diagnosed between 1970 and 1999. We estimated the incidence of self-reported Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grade >2 CVRFs (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity) and multiple (>2) CVRFs among survivors. Multivariable Poisson regression estimated the rate ratios (RR) of CVRFs by race/ethnicity, adjusted for key treatment exposures and sociodemographics. Results: Within the CCSS cohort, there were 20,416 non-Hispanic White (NHW), 1625 non-Hispanic Black (NHB), and 2043 Hispanic survivors with the cumulative incidence estimates of each CVRF at age 40 displayed in Table. Survivors who self-reported “Other” or mixed race were excluded for this analysis (n=1495). NHB survivors were more likely to report hypertension (unadjusted RR 1.3; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.0-1.6), diabetes (RR 1.6; 95% CI 1.0-2.4), obesity (RR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4-1.9), and multiple CVRF (RR 1.3; 95% CI 1.2-1.5), whereas Hispanic survivors were more likely to report diabetes (RR 1.7; 95% CI 1.2-2.4), obesity (RR 1.4; 95% CI 1.2-1.5), and multiple CVRFs (RR 1.1; 95% CI 1.0-1.3) compared with NHW survivors. These observed disparities in risks of CVRFs remained nearly unchanged even after adjustment for sociodemographic factors (age, sex, household income, education, marital status, employment, and insurance) and treatment exposures (Yes/No for anthracyclines, alkylators, and chest radiation). Conclusions: NHB and Hispanic adult survivors demonstrate a higher burden of CVRF compared with NHW survivors, particularly diabetes and obesity. The associated morbidity of these conditions and established increase they incur in risk of more severe cardiovascular disease emphasizes the need for interventions to mitigate CVRFs to promote health equity among these survivors.


Cumulative incidence of CVRFs (Percentage, 95% CI) at age 40.

Race/Ethnicity
Hypertension
Diabetes
Dyslipidemia
Obesity
>2 CVRFs
NHW (n=20,416)
14.7

(14.0-15.3)
5.2

(4.8-5.6)
10.2

(9.6-10.7)
32.5

(31.6-33.3)
12.6

(12.0-13.2)
NHB

(n=1625)
20.7

(17.7-23.7)
9.2

(7.2-11.2)
6.6

(4.6-8.6)
50.0

(46.4-53.3)
18.6

(15.5-21.6)
Hispanic

(n=2043)
14.1

(11.8-16.4)
10.1

(8.2-11.9)
11.1

(8.9-13.2)
50.1

(47.0-53.1)
16.4

(13.9-18.9)

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Abstract Details

Meeting

2021 ASCO Annual Meeting

Session Type

Oral Abstract Session

Session Title

Pediatric Oncology II

Track

Pediatric Oncology

Sub Track

Survivorship

Citation

J Clin Oncol 39, 2021 (suppl 15; abstr 10017)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2021.39.15_suppl.10017

Abstract #

10017

Abstract Disclosures

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