Efficacy of daratumumab in the treatment of multiple myeloma with high-risk cytogenetics: Meta-analysis of randomized phase III trials.

Authors

null

Smith Giri

University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL

Smith Giri , Alyssa Grimshaw , Susan Bal , Kelly Nicole Godby , Prakash Kharel , Benjamin Djulbegovic , Saad Zafar Usmani , Thierry Facon , Philippe Moreau , Meletios A. Dimopoulos , Maria-Victoria Mateos , Luciano J. Costa

Organizations

University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, Univ of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, University of Lille, CHU Lille, Service des Maladies du Sang, Lille, France, Hematology Department, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece, University Hospital of Salamanca/IBSAL/Cancer Research Center- IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain

Research Funding

No funding received
None

Background: The addition of Daratumumab (D) to backbone multiple myeloma (MM) regimens leads to improved response rates and progression free survival (PFS). Whether improved outcomes are also seen among patients with high-risk cytogenetics (HRC) remains unclear, particularly in first-line (FL) setting. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of bibliographic databases, clinical trials registries and meeting libraries from inception to December 2019, for phase III randomized trials that compared backbone MM regimens vs. same regimen plus D either in FL or relapsed/refractory (R/R) setting and reported outcomes by cytogenetic risk (HRC vs standard risk cytogenetics, SRC). We defined HRC as presence of t(4;14), t(14;16) or del(17p). The primary endpoint was PFS. We pooled relative log-hazard ratios using DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model. We assessed heterogeneity using Cochran’s Q and the I2 statistic. Results: Of 3,070 studies screened, 6 phase III trials were included. This included 3 trials in FL setting (Alcyone, Maia and Cassiopeia, 2,528 patients, 358 HRC) and 3 trials in R/R setting (Castor, Pollux and Candor, 1,533 patients, 222 HRC). The addition of D to FL backbone regimens among patients with HRC led to improved PFS (pooled HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.47-0.95, p = 0.02) with little heterogeneity (Cochran’s Q p = 0.77, I2= 0), similar to R/R setting (pooled HR 0.45; 95% CI 0.30-0.67, p < 0.01, Cochran’s Q = 0.63, p < 0.01, I2= 0). Similar results were seen in SRC MM patients in FL setting (pooled HR 0.45; 95% CI 0.37-0.54, p < 0.01, Cochran’s Q p = 0.49, I2= 0) and R/R setting (pooled HR 0.38; 95% CI 0.25-0.56; p < 0.01, Cochran’s Q p = 0.04, I2= 70%). Conclusions: Incorporating D to backbone regimens led to improved PFS among patients with HRC MM in both FL and R/R setting. Lack of substantial heterogeneity suggests benefit of D regardless of backbone regimen. D based regimens are appropriate choices in FL and R/R setting for both SRC and HRC patients. Longer follow up with mature overall survival data is needed to validate these findings.

Impact of Daratumumab on PFS among MM patients with high-risk cytogenetics.

Study NameInterventionControlHazard Ratio95% CIp-Value
AlcyoneDaraVMPVMP0.780.43-1.420.42
MaiaDaraRDRD0.570.32-1.030.06
CassiopeiaDaraVTDVTD0.670.35-1.290.23
Pooled Effect Size ( I20%, Cochran’s Q p = 0.77)0.670.47-0.950.025
CastorDaraVDVD0.410.21-0.830.01
PolluxDaraRDRD0.370.18-0.760.01
CandorDaraKDKD0.580.30-1.120.11
Pooled Effect Size ((I20%, Cochrans Q p = 0.63)0.450.30-0.67< 0.001

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Abstract Details

Meeting

2020 ASCO Virtual Scientific Program

Session Type

Poster Session

Session Title

Hematologic Malignancies—Plasma Cell Dyscrasia

Track

Hematologic Malignancies

Sub Track

Multiple Myeloma

Citation

J Clin Oncol 38: 2020 (suppl; abstr 8540)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2020.38.15_suppl.8540

Abstract #

8540

Poster Bd #

440

Abstract Disclosures