CC-486 is safe and well-tolerated as maintenance therapy in elderly patients (≥75 years) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first remission following induction chemotherapy: Results from the phase III QUAZAR AML-001 trial.

Authors

null

Farhad Ravandi

The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

Farhad Ravandi , Andrew Wei , Hartmut Dohner , Hervé Dombret , Gert J. Ossenkoppele , Michael Pfeilstöcker , Felicitas Thol , Georg Feldman , Maria Teresa Voso , Paula Marlton , Michael Harvey , Valeria Santini , Luana Fianchi , Anna Candoni , Ignazia La Torre , Barry Skikne , Keshava Kumar , Qian Dong , C. L. Beach , Gail J. Roboz

Organizations

The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, The Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) and Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany, Universitatsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany, University of Rome, Rome, Italy, Princess Alexandra Hospital and University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, Liverpool Hospital, New South Wales, Australia, MDS Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (AOU) Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Udine, Italy, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY

Research Funding

Pharmaceutical/Biotech Company
BMS

Background: About 40-50% of older patients (pts) with AML attain complete remission (CR) with induction chemotherapy (IC) but relapse is common.Effective, well-tolerated maintenance treatment (Tx) is needed for older pts in remission who are not eligible for hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). CC-486 is an oral hypomethylating agent that allows for extended dosing schedules (>7 days [d]/cycle) to sustain therapeutic activity. In the phase III placebo (PBO)-controlled QUAZAR AML-001 trial (NCT01757535), CC-486 maintenance therapy in pts with AML in first remission following IC produced significant improvements in overall and relapse-free survival. Here we report safety and tolerability findings among pt subgroups defined by age at study entry. Methods: Eligible pts were ≥ 55 yrs of age, with de novo or secondary AML, intermediate or poor risk cytogenetics, and ECOG PS ≤ 3; had achieved first CR or CRi after IC ± consolidation; and were not candidates for HSCT. Within 4 mo of CR/CRi, pts were randomized 1:1 to CC-486 300 mg or PBO QD on d 1–14 of repeated 28d Tx cycles. Safety was assessed across 3 age subgroups (≥ 55 to < 65, ≥ 65 to < 75, and ≥ 75 yrs) in pts who received ≥ 1 dose of study drug. Adverse events (AEs) were coded using MedDRA v. 22.0 and graded by NCI-CTCAE v. 4.0. Results: 469 pts (>99% of all enrolled pts) were evaluable for safety (CC-486 n = 236; PBO n = 233). Median age was 68 yrs (range 55-86). Age distribution was similar between the two Tx arms (Table). Between Tx arms, AE rates within each age stratum were similar to rates in the overall study population. The most common AEs (any grade) with CC-486 were GI events, which were more frequent than in the PBO arm across age groups. Within the CC-486 arm, AE rates were generally consistent across age groups, except for constipation, which was > 20% more frequent in pts aged ≥ 75 yrs, and thrombocytopenia, which was ≥ 20% less frequent in this group (Table). Overall, 13% and 4% of pts in the CC-486 and PBO groups discontinued Tx due to AEs. Conclusions: In QUAZAR AML-001, CC-486 was generally well tolerated in all age groups, including elderly pts aged ≥ 75 yrs. Clinical trial information: NCT01757535.

Table. Common AEs ( > 20% of all pts; any grade) by pt age category

CC-486
PBO
55 to < 65
n = 65
(28%)
65 to < 75
n = 143
(61%)
≥ 75
n = 28
(12%)%
55 to < 65
n = 68
(29%)
65 to < 75
n = 142
(61%)
≥ 75
n = 23
(10%)
Nausea606764351917
Vomiting5760641394
Diarrhea554661281826
Constipation373561252330
Neutropenia454446282813
Thrombocytopenia343714292530
Fatigue292936192017

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Abstract Details

Meeting

2020 ASCO Virtual Scientific Program

Session Type

Poster Session

Session Title

Hematologic Malignancies—Leukemia, Myelodysplastic Syndromes, and Allotransplant

Track

Hematologic Malignancies

Sub Track

Acute Leukemia

Clinical Trial Registration Number

NCT01757535

Citation

J Clin Oncol 38: 2020 (suppl; abstr 7530)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2020.38.15_suppl.7530

Abstract #

7530

Poster Bd #

303

Abstract Disclosures