Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT
Miklos C. Fogarasi , Roy P Eichengreen
Background: Concept mapping (CM) fosters meaningful learning yet its use in cancer education is rare. Serial CM as a learning tool may offer novel ways to promote critical thinking about complex medical issues. We introduced CM in our Cancer Survivorship (CS) elective to study the evolution of students’ conceptual learning, to offer feed-back and as a tool for inter-professional and team-based education. Methods: The study was funded by an institutional grant and received IRB exemption. Eleven 2nd year medical students and 2 pre-med students enrolled. Oncologist-lead classes were co-facilitated by a primary care physician, a survivor, caregivers or other health care professionals. Students were trained using cMAPTools on week 1 and applied domains of the Quality of Life (QoL)-CS tool by City of Hope to their CMs. Feedback given after each round of mapping assessed adequate use of CS concepts and creation of meaningful linkages. Results: Map #1 (week 1) tested baseline perceptions. These maps displayed a wide-range of complexity, a largely non-hierarchical structure with rare connections and a sense of overload by the scope of CS issues. Map #2 (week 4) explored physical and spiritual challenges of CS from a primary care physician and a cancer survivor. Here improved maps presented concepts more clearly but linear thinking with limited crosslinks was still observed. Map #3 (week 8) about social aspects of CS followed lively sessions with a social worker and family caregivers. Emerging cross-links reflected a deeper understanding of survivor issues. Final CMs will be based on interviewing a panel of survivors and should aid students in creating a thorough Survivorship Care Plan. Team-based and inter-professional maps were well received. Conclusions: Serial concept mapping exposes progressive understanding of Survivorship issues during a one-semester elective. CM facilitates the learning of relationships among complex survivorship topics. Inter-professional and team-based CM is feasible. By mapping issues to QoL domains, students practice patient-centered critical thinking. Challenges include low reproducibility due to changing concepts, and limited practicality once concepts grow too large.
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