Evaluation of daily breakthrough chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) rates in a phase III study of NEPA versus an aprepitant (APR)/granisetron (GRAN) regimen.

Authors

Eric Roeland

Eric Roeland

University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA

Eric Roeland, Gary Binder, Joseph Ma, Corinna Lanzarotti, Li Zhang

Organizations

University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, Helsinn Therapeutics, Inc., Iselin, NJ, University of California San Diego, Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, CA, Helsinn Healthcare SA, Lugano, Switzerland, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China

Research Funding

Pharmaceutical/Biotech Company

Background: Antiemetic trials typically evaluate CINV control during acute (Day 1), delayed (Days 2-5), and overall (Days 1-5) phases post-chemotherapy; the daily course of events is often unstudied in the delayed phase. In a head-to-head study evaluating NK1RA-containing regimens, a single dose of NEPA, an oral fixed combination of the NK1RA netupitant and 5-HT3RA palonosetron, was non-inferior to a 3-day regimen of APR and GRAN for overall complete response (no emesis/no rescue use) rates (74% NEPA vs 72% APR/GRAN) in 828 patients receiving cisplatin-based highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). This secondary analysis explores daily rates of breakthrough CINV in this study. Methods: This was a double-blind study in chemotherapy-naïve patients with solid tumors. Daily rates of breakthrough CINV, defined as the % of patients with emesis and/or rescue use were calculated with differences between treatment groups evaluated by the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel method stratified by sex. Results: While daily rates of patients with breakthrough CINV remained stable between 13%-15.1% for APR/GRAN, they declined from 15.5% to 8% over the 5 days for NEPA, with the difference between groups reaching statistical significance on Day 5 (Table). Percent of total patient days with CINV events were 11.7% [NEPA] and 14.0% [APR/GRAN]. The % of patients with ≥ 3 days of breakthrough CINV were 8.5% and 12.3%, respectively. Conclusions: In this study evaluating guideline-recommended antiemetic regimens for HEC, CINV was prevented in most patients during the overall phase yet breakthrough CINV on individual days differed between treatment groups. APR/GRAN showed a relatively constant rate over time, while NEPA rates decreased and patients had fewer total days with breakthrough. This suggests the need for close monitoring of CINV events during the delayed phase.

Day% of Patients with
Breakthrough CINV
Difference
(NEPA – APR/GRAN)
p-value
NEPA
(N = 412)
APR/GRAN
(N = 416)
Day 115.5%13.0%2.5%0.304
Day 214.8%15.1%- 0.3%0.866
Day 310.4%14.7%- 4.3%0.064
Day 410.0%13.5%- 3.5%0.116
Day 58.0%13.9%- 5.9%0.006

Disclaimer

This material on this page is ©2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology, all rights reserved. Licensing available upon request. For more information, please contact licensing@asco.org

Abstract Details

Meeting

2017 Palliative and Supportive Care in Oncology Symposium

Session Type

Poster Session

Session Title

Poster Session A

Track

Integration and Delivery of Palliative and Supportive Care,Communication and Shared Decision Making,Symptom Biology, Assessment, and Management,Models of Care

Sub Track

Integration and Delivery of Palliative and Supportive Care

Citation

J Clin Oncol 35, 2017 (suppl 31S; abstract 120)

DOI

10.1200/JCO.2017.35.31_suppl.120

Abstract #

120

Poster Bd #

D6

Abstract Disclosures