The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
Ali Haider, Joseph Baidoo, Yee Choon Meng, Donna S. Zhukovsky, Kimberson Cochien Tanco, Holly A Stewart, Tonya Edwards, Manju P Joy, Leela Kuriakose, Zhanni Lu, Diane D Liu, Janet L. Williams, Eduardo Bruera
Background: Opioid prescriptions are regulated at both federal and state levels. Examples of such regulations include use of risk evaluation and mitigation strategies (REMS), mandatory sharing of prescription data with state prescription drug monitoring programs and the reclassification of hydrocodone as schedule II opioid in October 2014. One possible consequence of such changes would be earlier referral to palliative care (PC) for opioid management. Alternatively, primary oncologist may treat patients with weak opioids or use strong opioids with lower daily dose. We hypothesized that during the last six years, the number of referrals to outpatient PC has increased and the morphine equivalent daily dose (MEDD) has decreased. Methods: We reviewed 750 randomly selected patients who were seen as a new consultation from the year 2010 to 2015. Data was collected on demographics, cancer type and stage, referring specialty, symptom assessment, cancer pain classification, performance status, opioid type and MEDD. Data were also collected on first subsequent PC visit among eligible patients. MEDD over the 6 years was evaluated using general linear regression method, adjusted for covariates. Results: Hydrocodone was the most common opioid prescribed by the referring team throughout the six-year period. After reclassification, its use declined from 43% in 2014 to 33% in 2015. Tramadol use increased from 9% in 2014 to 19% in 2015 (p < 0.0001). Median MEDD upon referral was 78mg/day in 2010 and progressively decreased to 40mg/day in 2015 (p < 0.0001). Year to year referral increased 24% in the first quarter of 2015 (after hydrocodone rescheduling), compared to 17% in 2014 (p 0.0014).Conclusions: Over the past 6 years, there has been an increase in number of referrals to PC and a decline in MEDD upon referral. Likewise, an increase in weak opioids like tramadol has also been observed. These findings suggest oncologists are sending early referrals before further opioid dose titration and rotations are considered. Further opioid regulations will likely impact the integration of PC services in comprehensive cancer care.
Disclaimer
This material on this page is ©2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology, all rights reserved. Licensing available upon request. For more information, please contact licensing@asco.org
Abstract Disclosures
2021 ASCO Annual Meeting
First Author: Benjamin Aaron Bleiberg
2024 ASCO Quality Care Symposium
First Author: Talya Salz
2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
First Author: Brian Lasonde
2022 ASCO Quality Care Symposium
First Author: Safiya Karim