Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
Carole Fakhry , Qiang Zhang , Maura L. Gillison , Phuc Duy Nguyen , David Ira Rosenthal , Randal S. Weber , Louise Lambert , Andy Trotti , William Barrett , Wade Thorstad , Sue S Yom , Stuart J. Wong , John A. Ridge , Shyam S. Rao , James A. Bonner , Eric Vigneault , David Raben , Jonathan Harris , Quynh-Thu Le
Background: Therapeutic de-intensification for OPC underscores the need for accurate patient-specific assessment of risk. Current risk stratification is based on HPV tumor status, tobacco use, nodal and tumor stage. These do not include other important predictors of prognosis. Therefore, a patient-specific approach to estimate survival was explored. Methods: Patients with T2-T4, N0-N3 OPC enrolled in RTOG0129 or 0522, available p16 immunohistochemistry (surrogate for HPV) and tobacco history were eligible for retrospective analysis of factors associated with OS and PFS. RTOG0129 compared standard versus accelerated fractionation (AFX) cisplatin based chemoradiation, and RTOG0522 compared cisplatin-AFX ± cetuximab. Nomograms were created based on Cox proportional hazards regression models. Concordance index was used for model discrimination and validation. Results: Study population included 493 patients. Factors independently associated with worse OS included age > 50, poor performance status (Zubrod 1), p16 negativity, ≤ high school education, > 10 pack-years tobacco, anemia, advanced tumor (T4) and nodal stage (N2c-3). Significant interactions were observed including p16 and performance status. All these factors, along with marital status and gender were included into a nomogram to estimate 2- and 5-year OS based upon the absence or presence of each of these patient characteristics. Factors significantly associated with PFS were similar, with the addition of weight loss ≥ 5% and marital status. A nomogram that accounts for the relative contribution of each of these prognostic factors provides 2- and 5-year estimates of PFS. Both nomograms had high concordance indices (0.76 for OS, 0.70 for PFS) and were well calibrated. Conclusions: The developed nomograms incorporate an expanded list of prognostic factors and allow for individual patient-specific estimates of OS and PFS. Use of these nomograms will facilitate decision-making for patients and providers and will refine patient selection criteria for de-intensification trials.
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Abstract Disclosures
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