Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
Srikala S. Sridhar , Shaheena Bashir , Peter W. M. Chung , Alexandre Zlotta , Neil Eric Fleshner , Robert G. Bristow , Girish S. Kulkarni , Miriam Teich , Nimira S. Alimohamed , Gregory Lo
Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) improves survival in MIBC pts regardless of local management-cystectomy or chemoradiation. NC use with chemoradiation has been limited as these pts are often elderly, frail and cisplatin-ineligible. But, as more fit, cisplatin-eligible pts opt for chemoradiation it is critical that we re-evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of giving NC followed by chemoradiation. Methods: We reviewed 25 MIBC pts with cT 2-4 N 0-1 M 0, undergoing chemoradiation between 2008-2014 at the Princess Margaret and Durham Regional Cancer Centers. All pts received NC with gemcitabine-cisplatin (2-4 cycles) then external beam radiation (median dose 60Gy) with concurrent cisplatin. Toxicities were recorded using CTCAE v 3.0. Response and outcomes were assessed by cystoscopy and imaging. Median follow-up was 29.7 mos and 6 pts had < 2 yrs of follow-up. Kaplan Meier analysis was used for survival. Results: Main reasons for a chemoradiation approach were pt preference 15/25 (60%) and comorbidities 10/25(40%). At diagnosis, median age was 69 (49-85), 76% were male, all were ECOG PS 0/1, median CrCl was 58.5 ml/min and 7/25 (28%) had hydronephrosis. CIS was seen in 10/25 (40%), LVI in 3/25 (12%) and node positivity in 2/25 (8%). All but 1 patient completed planned NC, where main Grade 3/4 toxicities as expected were neutropenia and infection. All planned radiotherapy and 83% of planned concurrent chemotherapy was given. Maximal TURBT was done in 76%. Cystoscopically post NC, 12/15 (80%) had a CR, 1/15 (7%) had CIS, and 2/15 (13%) had residual disease. Of the 12 pts with a CR, radiologically 4/12 had a CR, 2/12 had a PR and 6/12 had SD. Four pts required salvage cystectomy for local recurrence, 4 pts developed metastases and have died. Median OS was not reached, but the 2 yr OS rate was 73.8% (95% CI 50.3-87.4%). Conclusions: NC followed by chemoradiation, showed cystoscopic CR rates of 80% post NC and 2 yr OS rates of 73.8% suggesting this approach should be considered in cisplatin-eligible MIBC pts undergoing chemoradiation. Comparing outcomes between matched MIBC pts receiving NC and then chemoradiation or cystectomy also appears warranted.
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