Background: PI3Kδ is critical for the activation, proliferation and survival of B cells and plays a role in homing and retention of B cells in lymphoid tissues. PI3K signaling is hyperactive in many B-cell malignancies. Idelalisib is a first-in-class, selective, oral inhibitor of PI3Kδ that reduces proliferation, enhances apoptosis, and alters trafficking of malignant B cells in lymphoid tissues (Lannutti, 2011). Phase 1 trials demonstrated that idelalisib is highly active in heavily pretreated pts with CLL as a single agent or in combination with rituximab (R), bendamustine (B), or BR: pts experienced reductions in disease-associated chemokines, profound and rapid reductions in lymphadenopathy, and durable clinical benefit with an acceptable safety profile (Sharman et al, 2011; Coutre et al, 2012; Furman et al, 2014). Methods: Study will enroll 390 pts with previously treated CLL who have measurable lymphadenopathy, have received prior therapy containing a purine analog or B and an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, are not refractory to B, have experienced CLL progression within 36 months from the completion of the last prior therapy, and are currently sufficiently fit to receive cytotoxic therapy. Pts will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to Arm A or B of the study. On Arm A, subjects will receive idelalisib continuously at 150 mg BID + R at 375 mg/m² (1^st dose) and then 500 mg/m² every 4 weeks for 6 cycles + B at 70 mg/m² on Days 1 & 2 of each 4-week cycle for 6 cycles. On Arm B, subjects will receive placebo instead of idelalisib. Stratification factors include IGHV mutational status, del17p/p53 mutation status, and refractory/relapsed status. The primary endpoint is PFS and key secondary endpoints include ORR, lymph node response rate, CR rate, and OS. This is an event-driven trial and primary endpoint evaluation will be based on independent central review. For the primary efficacy analysis, the difference in PFS between the treatment arms will be assessed in the ITT analysis set. The study was initiated in June 2012. Clinical trial information: NCT01569295.