Background: Cancer is associated with a high risk of venous thromboembolism. We aimed to determine the number of stays and the cost of hospital management of thromboembolic events (TEEs) occurring in patients with breast cancer (BC) or prostate cancer (PC). Methods: The French national hospital database (PMSI) was analysed in order to identify patients whose BC or PC was diagnosed in 2010 and who were hospitalized for a TEE at least once during the following two years. The numbers of stays induced by a TEE, and the corresponding number of patients hospitalized, were determined using the disease-specific ICD-10 codes. Associated hospital costs were estimated from the perspective of the third-party payer, using the French official tariffs. Results: We identified 62,365 patients with BC and 45,551 patients with PC; in each group, 1,271 (2.0%) and 997 (2.2%), respectively, were hospitalized for a TEE or had a TEE during their hospital stay. During the 2 years of follow-up of these 2,268 patients, 346 (15.3%) were hospitalized for a TEE recurrence. In total, 1,604 stays for BC patients and 1,210 stays for PC patients were analyzed. In BC patients, the mean cost per stay amounted to €3,302 and €2,916 for first event and recurrence, respectively, and in PC patients, €3,611 and €3,363 for first event and recurrence, respectively. In patients who had at least one recurrence, mean hospitalization cost per patient was €5,545 and €5,692 in BC and PC, respectively. Over a 2-year period, the total cost of hospital stays induced by TEEs reached €1.98 million and €1.43 million for BC and PC, respectively. Conclusions: The burden of TEE in cancer patients is high; costs would be reduced by decreasing the occurrence of thromboembolic complications in this at-risk population. Better prevention and follow-up measures may reduce recurrence and TEE costs.